Male fertility problems are often shrouded in silence, even though they affect a significant portion of the population. In India, where the subject of male infertility is still taboo, many men suffer quietly, unaware that they might be facing uncommon fertility issues that could be treated with proper diagnosis and care. This article aims to shed light on some of these lesser-known male fertility problems, offering insights that could help those struggling in silence.
1. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A Hidden Threat
Sperm DNA fragmentation is an often overlooked aspect of male infertility, involving the integrity of the sperm’s genetic material. High levels of fragmentation can lead to issues like failed fertilisation, poor embryo development, and recurrent miscarriages. There are cases where the Semen Analysis may be normal, but the Sperm DNA integrity may be compromised. The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA®) is a specialised test that measures DNA fragmentation, but it’s not widely available. Andrology Center in Coimbatore is the only authorised lab in India offering this test, making it crucial for diagnosing and addressing unexplained infertility.
2. Varicocele: The Underrated Culprit
Varicocele, or enlarged veins in the scrotum, is a common but under-discussed cause of male infertility, affecting around 15% of men. It can elevate scrotal temperature, impairing sperm production and reducing sperm quality. The condition is often asymptomatic and goes unnoticed until a fertility evaluation is done. Fortunately, varicocele can often be corrected through minor surgical procedures, significantly improving the chances of conception. This underscores the necessity of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
3. Immunological Infertility: When the Body Attacks Itself
Immunological infertility occurs when a man’s immune system mistakenly targets his sperm as foreign invaders, producing antibodies that hinder their function. This condition is rare but can severely impact fertility, making natural conception difficult. Diagnosis requires specialised tests, not routinely conducted unless requested. Treatment options include immune-suppressing medications or assisted reproductive technologies like IUI or IVF, offering hope for men struggling with this uncommon cause of infertility.
4. Hypogonadism: Hormonal Imbalance and Infertility
Hypogonadism, marked by low testosterone levels, can greatly affect sperm production and overall male fertility. This hormonal imbalance may result from genetic disorders, injuries or lifestyle factors, leading to symptoms like low libido and reduced sperm count. Diagnosis involves hormone testing and treatment may include hormone replacement therapy or lifestyle changes. Addressing hypogonadism is crucial for restoring fertility and improving overall reproductive health in affected men.
5. Genetic Causes: The Silent Factors
Genetic abnormalities are a significant yet often overlooked cause of male infertility. Conditions like Klinefelter syndrome, Y chromosome microdeletions or specific gene mutations can result in little or no sperm production, or non-functional sperm. These issues often go undetected with standard fertility evaluations, making genetic testing vital. Understanding the genetic basis of infertility allows for tailored treatments or the use of assisted reproductive technologies to bypass these genetic barriers.
Conclusion: Taking the First Step Towards Awareness and Treatment
Male fertility issues are more complex than they appear, with uncommon causes often going unnoticed. Awareness and proper diagnosis are crucial for seeking effective treatment.
Andrology Center, Coimbatore, in addition to the manual and AI semen analysis, also offers the specialised SCSA® test method for DNA fragmentation, which can help uncover hidden fertility issues and providing pathways to successful treatment. Under the same roof, we now provide additional, correlative tests, such as Blood Tests (hormone assays and serology tests), Semen Culture, ROS Test, Karyotyping, Sperm Aneuploidy Test and Y-chromosome Microdeletion.
With state of the art equipment and the latest technology, we are able to provide accurate results. We submit standardised reports, which makes it easier for the fertility specialist to decide on the best mode of treatment.
Men facing infertility should break the silence, seek help and take control of their reproductive health, as early intervention can make all the difference. All it takes is a call to Andrology Center to make an appointment!
