Micro-TESE – Definition, Benefits and Applications
1. Definition
Micro-TESE (Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction) is a surgical procedure used to retrieve sperm directly from the testicular tissue in men who have no sperm in their ejaculate due to a condition called non-obstructive azoospermia. This method involves the use of a high-powered operating microscope to find tiny areas of sperm production in the testicles, allowing surgeons to extract viable sperm cells.
It is a more advanced and precise technique compared with other sperm retrieval methods and often yields higher success rates, especially in difficult cases.
2. Key Takeaways
- Purpose: Performed in cases where semen lacks any sperm cells, typically due to azoospermia.
- Method: Microsurgery is performed to search for and collect sperm directly from the testicles.
- Success: Often more effective than other sperm retrieval techniques in men with very low or no sperm production.
- Recovery: Typically a same-day procedure with a short recovery time.
- Usage: Sperm obtained is usually used in ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection).
3. Why Micro-TESE is Important for Fertility
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Helps Men with Azoospermia
Men diagnosed with non-obstructive azoospermia, a condition where the testicles produce little or no sperm, can still father a child using Micro-TESE. The method allows doctors to find rare sperm-producing areas in the testicles.
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Offers a Chance to Use Own Sperm
For couples trying to conceive, using the man’s own sperm is often preferable to donor sperm. Micro-TESE makes this possible even when sperm counts are extremely low or non-existent in semen samples.
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Higher Precision, Better Outcomes
The surgical microscope helps identify the best areas within the testicular tissue, improving the chances of finding sperm and reducing damage to the testicle.
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Supports IVF/ICSI Success
Sperm retrieved via Micro-TESE are often directly injected into the partner’s egg using ICSI, a key step in IVF treatment. This approach improves the likelihood of achieving fertilisation and a successful pregnancy outcome.
4. Example/User Case
A man, 34 years old, was diagnosed with non-obstructive azoospermia after several failed attempts to conceive naturally with his partner. A semen analysis confirmed no sperm present. Hormone testing and a testicular biopsy confirmed poor sperm production.
Doctors recommended Micro-TESE. While performing the procedure, the surgeons discovered a small area in the testicle still producing sperm. Enough healthy sperm was extracted and frozen. IVF with ICSI was performed using his sperm and his partner’s egg. The couple successfully conceived on the second ICSI attempt.
This case highlights how Micro-TESE can give hope to men who otherwise face male-factor infertility.
5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Is Micro-TESE painful?
The procedure is done under general or local anaesthesia, so you won’t feel pain during it. Mild discomfort or swelling may occur after surgery, but it usually subsides within a few days.
Q2. How long does the recovery take?
The majority of patients are able to resume their usual activities within a day or two after the operation. However, it’s best to avoid strenuous exercise or heavy lifting for at least a week.
Q3. Can Micro-TESE guarantee finding sperm?
Unfortunately, no. While Micro-TESE offers better chances than other methods, there is still a possibility that no sperm will be found.
Q4. How is sperm used after retrieval?
Sperm retrieved through Micro-TESE is used in IVF treatment, specifically through a method called ICSI, where one sperm is injected directly into an egg.
Q5. Is the sperm frozen or used immediately?
It can be either frozen for later use or used fresh during a planned IVF cycle, depending on the situation and timing.
Q6. Are there risks involved?
As with any surgical procedure, there are minor risks such as infection, bleeding or testicular damage, but these are rare when performed by experienced specialists.
6. Call to Action
If you are struggling with male infertility or have been diagnosed with azoospermia, don’t lose hope. Micro-TESE offers a real chance at biological fatherhood, even when sperm is not found in the semen. Speak to a qualified fertility specialist to explore whether this microsurgical technique is right for you.
7. Relevant Terms
- Azoospermia
- Sperm Retrieval
- Testicular Biopsy
- IVF
- ICSI
- Infertility
- Semen Analysis
- Hormone Testing
- Sperm Freezing
- Andrology
- Testicular Microsurgery
- Sperm Motility
- Ejaculation
- Male Factor Infertility
- Reproductive Urologist
