Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA®) Test
The genetic integrity of the sperm is crucial for fertilization and further embryo development leading to a successful pregnancy. A conventional Semen Analysis test measuring only the external characteristics of the sperm such as sperm concentration, motility and morphology is limited in its diagnostic and prognostic value. A Sperm DNA Fragmentation test can give valuable information about the genetic quality of the sperm helping in male infertility assessment and further treatment management. The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay or SCSA® Test is an advanced male infertility test. This sperm DNA fragmentation test quickly and accurately identifies men who are less likely to achieve a full term pregnancy either naturally or through Assisted Reproductive Technologies.
The two primary factors measured by the SCSA® test are %DFI (DNA Fragmentation Index) and %HDS (High DNA Stainability). The %DFI reports on the percentage of sperm that have DNA fragmentation and the %HDS reports on the percentage of sperm with abnormal nuclear proteins and chromatin structure that may inhibit fertilization.
History of the SCSA® Test
The president of SCSA® Diagnostics USA, Dr. Donald Evenson, invented and patented the SCSA® test. This test has measured tens of thousands of human and animal sperm samples since it’s invention in 1980. This sperm DNA fragmentation test is based on well-established research and methods. Developed over the course of more than 20 years, the SCSA® test has been the subject of more than 125 articles published in peer-reviewed journals and periodicals.
Factors Influencing Sperm DNA Fragmentation
There are many causes for sperm DNA Fragmentation. While a Sperm DNA Fragmentation test cannot identify the exact contributory factor, the sperm DNA test results can be used to identify if any of the below factors are responsible for increased levels of sperm DNA fragmentation.
- Oxidative stress
- Infection
- Leukocytospermia
- Recent episode of high fever
- Elevated testicular temperature
- Varicocele
- Advanced Male age
- Obesity
- Drugs, Chemotherapy and Radiation therapy
- Cigarette Smoking and environmental toxins
- Alcohol
- Occupational exposure such as Chemicals, dyes, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
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